1:
RAAMSES (PLACE) [Heb ra˓amsēs (רַעַמְסֵס)]. See RAMESES (PLACE).
Freedman, D. N. (1996, c1992). The Anchor Bible Dictionary (5:597). New York: Doubleday.
2:
Raamses — (Ex. 1:11). (See RAMESES.)
3:
RAAMSES* Alternate spelling of Ramses and Rameses. See Ramses (Person); Rameses (Place).
Elwell, W. A., & Comfort, P. W. (2001). Tyndale Bible dictionary. Tyndale reference library (1106). Wheaton, Ill.: Tyndale House Publishers.
4:
RAAM´SES (ramʹsēz; Ex. 1:11). See Rameses.
5:
RA’AMSES, RAMESES (Egyp. Pr-R‘mssw, Pi-Ramessē, ‘Domain of Ramesses’). A city of Egypt mentioned with Pithom, where the Hebrews were afflicted with heavy burdens (Ex. 1:11; 12:37; Nu. 33:3). This was the famous E-Delta residence of Rameses II (c. 1290–1224 bc). The kings of the 18th Dynasty did no building here. Scholars once located Pi-Ramessē at Pelusium, then at Tanis (*Zoan), following Montet’s excavations there. But all the Ramesside stonework at Tanis is re-used material from elsewhere. Remains of a palace, a glaze-factory and of houses of princes and high officials (with trace of a temple) at and near Qantir, 30 km S of Tanis, almost certainly mark the real site of Ra‘amses/Pi-Ramessē. The Exodus began from Ra’amses (Ex. 12:37) (*Encampment by the Sea). Centuries before, Jacob had settled in the district (Gn. 47:11).
Bibliography. A. H. Gardiner, JEA 5, 1918, pp. 127–138, 179–200, 242–271; P. Montet, RB 39, 1930, pp. 5–28; L. Habachi, ASAE 52, 1954, pp. 443–562; J. van Seters, The Hyksos, 1966, pp. 127–151; M. Bietak, Tell el-Dab‘a, 2, 1975, especially pp. 179–221, pl. 44f. c.d.w. k.a.k.
Wood, D. R. W., Wood, D. R. W., & Marshall, I. H. (1996, c1982, c1962). New Bible Dictionary. Includes index. (electronic ed. of 3rd ed.) (996). Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press.
6:
Raamses, Rameses (ramʹee-seez), one of two store-cities (kjv: ‘treasure-cities,’ the other was Pithom) built by the Hebrews for Pharaoh (Exod. 1:11). The reference in Gen. 47:11 to the ‘land of Rameses,’ an area where Joseph settled for his father and brothers at the order of an earlier pharaoh, is anachronistic. It was from Raamses that the Israelites departed on the Exodus (Exod. 12:37; Num. 33:3, 5). The Egyptian name of this city was Per-Ramessu, Piramesse, ‘House of Ramesses.’ Named after Ramesses II (1279-1212 b.c.), who is often considered the pharaoh of the Exodus, Raamses served as the delta residence for the succeeding kings of the nineteenth and twentieth dynasties (ca. 1212-1070 b.c.). For many years, scholars identified Raamses with Tanis (Heb. Zoan), modern San el-Hagar in the Egyptian delta, where many monuments inscribed with the name of Ramesses II and his successors were discovered. However, it was determined that all of these Ramesside period monuments were moved to Tanis from somewhere else. It is therefore most probable that Raamses is to be placed in the area of modern Khatana-Qantir on the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, about fifteen miles south of Tanis. Evidence for a palace of Sety I (1291-1279 b.c.) and Ramesses II and the houses of high officials of the Ramesside period was found there, within an enormous city stretching more than a mile from Qantir south to Tell el-Dabaa (which is the site of the earlier Hyksos capital of Avaris). See also Pithom; Ramesses; Zoan. J.M.W.
Achtemeier, P. J., Harper & Row, P., & Society of Biblical Literature. (1985). Harper's Bible dictionary. Includes index. (1st ed.) (848). San Francisco: Harper & Row.
7:
Raamses (Heb. ra˓amsēs)
Alternate form of Rameses, an Egyptian store-city built by the Israelites and later the Ramesside capital (Exod. 1:11).
Freedman, D. N., Myers, A. C., & Beck, A. B. (2000). Eerdmans dictionary of the Bible (1105). Grand Rapids, Mich.: W.B. Eerdmans.
