Kaiwan
1:
KAIWAN Mesopotamian astral deity, called “Chiun” in the kjv and “Kiyyun” in the nasb (Am 5:26). See Sakkuth.
Elwell, W. A., & Comfort, P. W. (2001). Tyndale Bible dictionary. Tyndale reference library (767). Wheaton, Ill.: Tyndale House Publishers.
2:
KAIWAN (Heb. kiyyûn), av CHIUN (Am. 5:26). Earlier scholars thought it meant ‘pedestal’ or ‘image-stand’ (see W. R. Harper, Amos, ICC, 1910, pp. 139f.). Vulg. has imaginem, rvmg. ‘shrine’. Most now believe that it represents Assyr. kaiwanu, a name of Ninurta, god of the planet Saturn, but that the Massoretes have changed the original vowel-points of kaiwan to those of šiqqûṣ (= ‘abomination’). lxx Rhaiphan (*Rephan, av Remphan) seems to support this view. d.w.g.
Wood, D. R. W., Wood, D. R. W., & Marshall, I. H. (1996, c1982, c1962). New Bible Dictionary. Includes index. (electronic ed. of 3rd ed.) (642). Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press.
3:
Kaiwan (Heb. kiyyûn; Akk. kayyamânu)
The Babylonian name for the planet Saturn, which Amos calls a star-god (Amos. 5:26). Amos prophesied that since the Israelites worshipped a Babylonian deity God would send them to Babylon (presumably so they could be nearer the pagan god they wanted to worship). Stephen’s quotation of this passage at Acts 7:43 follows the LXX, which reads “Rephan,” apparently an error in transliteration.
Freedman, D. N., Myers, A. C., & Beck, A. B. (2000). Eerdmans dictionary of the Bible (760). Grand Rapids, Mich.: W.B. Eerdmans.
